ADA handrails must be installed on both sides of any ramp with a rise over 6 inches or projection over 72 inches, with gripping surfaces at 34–38 inches high.
For the full breakdown, see our best ADA Ramp Handrail guide.
These rules apply to all public accommodations and commercial facilities across the United States.
When Are Handrails Required on an ADA Ramp?
The ADA requires handrails on both sides of any ramp run if the rise exceeds 6 inches or the horizontal projection exceeds 72 inches. That threshold covers most ramps beyond very short curb transitions. Each ramp run also has a maximum rise of 30 inches before a level landing is required, and the maximum slope is 1:12 (one inch of rise per 12 inches of run).
Curb ramps are explicitly exempt — they do not need handrails, even if they meet the rise or projection triggers. For all other ramps in public or commercial settings, handrails on both sides are mandatory.
Exact Measurements for a Compliant Handrail
The gripping surface must sit at a consistent height between 34 and 38 inches above the ramp surface, measured vertically from the top of the rail to the ramp below. That height must remain uniform across the entire run, including through landings.
The table below summarizes the critical dimensions for any ADA-compliant ramp handrail installation.
| Parameter | Required Specification |
|---|---|
| Height above ramp surface | 34–38 inches (uniform for full run) |
| Round grip diameter | 1.25–2.0 inches |
| Wall clearance | Minimum 1.5 inches |
| Extensions beyond ramp | 12 inches horizontal at top and bottom |
| Continuity | No interruptions by posts on gripping surface |
| Children’s secondary rail height | 20–28 inches (9 inches below primary rail) |
| Maximum ramp slope | 1:12 |
| Minimum clear width | 36 inches |
Non-round handrails must have a perimeter between 4 and 6.25 inches with a maximum cross-section of 2.25 inches. All gripping surfaces must be smooth, rounded, and free of sharp edges.
For installations serving primarily children — such as schools or daycares — a secondary lower handrail between 20 and 28 inches is required, mounted at least 9 inches below the primary rail to prevent entrapment.
How to Install an ADA-Compliant Handrail
Start by measuring the ramp rise. If it exceeds 6 inches or the horizontal projection exceeds 72 inches, plan for handrails on both sides. Mount the top gripping surface at 34–38 inches above the ramp surface, keeping that height consistent for the entire run.
Run the rail continuously from top to bottom without newel posts or brackets that interrupt the gripping surface. Extend the handrail 12 inches horizontally beyond both the top and bottom of the ramp slope. The extension must return to the wall, guard, or floor to prevent snagging clothing.
Maintain at least 1.5 inches of clearance between the handrail and any adjacent wall — this knuckle clearance prevents pinched hands and caught mobility aids. Use smooth, rounded gripping surfaces with a diameter between 1.25 and 2 inches for round rails.
FAQs
Do I need handrails on both sides of an ADA ramp?
Yes, the ADA requires handrails on both sides of any ramp run where the rise exceeds 6 inches or the horizontal projection exceeds 72 inches, with curb ramps being the only exception.
What happens if my handrail height is 32 inches instead of 34?
A handrail at 32 inches is outside the 34–38 inch required range and would not meet ADA standards. Height must be measured from the top of the gripping surface to the ramp surface and must stay consistent across the entire run.
Can I use a curved handrail on an ADA ramp?
Curved handrails can be used as long as the gripping surface stays within the 34–38 inch height range, maintains continuous grip without interruption, and meets the diameter or perimeter requirements for the full length.